Ôn tập TN THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Chuyên đề: Cấu tạo từ (Word formation) - Trường THPT Lương Tài

Nội dung tài liệu: Ôn tập TN THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Chuyên đề: Cấu tạo từ (Word formation) - Trường THPT Lương Tài

1. SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO BẮC NINH CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ KỲ THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT NĂM 2023 Môn: Tiếng Anh ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ TÊN CHUYÊN ĐỀ: CẤU TẠO TỪ - WORD FORMATION Người biên soạn: Phương Thị Hà Đơn vị công tác: Trường THPT Lương Tài I. LÍ THUYẾT A. Cách cấu tạo của danh từ STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 V + ment N develop (v) + ment = development (n): sự phát triển entertain (v) + ment = entertainment (n): sự giải trí 2 V + ance N attend (v) + ance = attendance (n): sự tham dự perform (v) + ance = performance (n): sự thực hiện, sự biểu diễn 3 V + ion/ation N invent (v) + ion = invention (n): sự phát minh inform (v) + ion = information (n): thông tin 4 V + age N marry (v) + age = marriage (n): hôn nhân carry (v) + age = carriage (n): sự chuyên chở hàng hoá, xe ngựa 5 V + al N survive (v) + al = survival (n): sự sống sót arrive (v) + al = arrival (n): sự đến, tới 6 V + ing N teach (v) + ing = teaching (n): công việc dạy học train (v) + ing = training (n): công việc đào tạo 7 V + er N work (v) + er = worker (n): công nhân employ (v) + er = employer (n): ông chủ 8 V + or N act (v) + or = actor (n): diễn viên 9 V + ress N act (v) + ress = actress (n): nữ diễn viên wait (v) + ress = waitress (n): nữ bồi bàn 10 V + ant N assist (v) + ant = assistant (n): trợ lí depend (v) + ant = dependant (n): người phụ thuộc 11 V + ee N employ (v)+ ee = employee (n): công nhân interview (v) + ee = interviewee (n): người đi phỏng vấn 12 V + ledge N know (v) + ledge = knowledge (n): sự hiểu biết, kiến thức 13 V + ist N type (v) + ist = typist (n): người đánh máy 14 V + ar N lie (v) + ar = liar (n): kẻ nói dối 15 V + ence N depend (v) + ence = dependence (n): sự phụ thuộc 1
2. 16 Adj + ness N rich (a) + ness = richness (n): sự giàu có polite (a) + ness = politeness (n): sự lịch sự 17 Adj + ity N able (a) + ity = ability (n): khả năng, năng lực responsible (a) + ity = responsibility (n): trách nhiệm 18 Adj + y N honest (a) + y = honesty (n): sự thật thà 19 Adj + ty N certain (a) + ty = certainty (n): sự chắc chắn 20 Adj + age N short (a) + age = shortage (n): sự thiếu hụt 21 Adj + cy N proficient (a) + cy = proficiency (n): sự giỏi, sự thành thạo 22 Adj + dom N free (a) + doom = freedom (n): sự tự do 23 Adj + ism N social (a) + ism = socialism (n): chủ nghĩa xã hội N1 + ism N2 terror (n) + ism = terrorism (n): chủ nghĩa khủng bố 24 Adj + th N warm (a) + th = warmth (n): sự ấm áp, sự niềm nở wide (a) + th = width (n): bề rộng, bề ngang 25 N1 + hood N2 child (n) + hood = childhood (n): thời thơ ấu neighbor (n) + hood = neighborhood (n): vùng lân cận 26 N1 + ship N2 friend (n) + ship = friendship (n): tình bạn member (n) + ship = membership (n): tư cách hội viên, số hội viên B. Cách cấu tạo của động từ STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 Adj + en V wide (a) + en = widen (v): mở rộng short (a) + en = shorten (v): thu ngắn, rút ngắn 2 En + Adj V en + rich (a) = enrich (v): làm giàu en + large (a) = enlarge (v): tăng lên, phóng to 3 N + en V length (n) + en = lengthen (v): làm dài ra, kéo dài ra 4 Adj + ise/ize V social (a) + ise/ize = socialize (v): xã hội hoá, hoà nhập industrial (a) + ise/ize = industrialize (v): công nghiệp hoá 5 N + fy V beauty (n) + fy = beautify (v): làm đẹp C. Cách cấu tạo của tính từ STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 N + ly Adj friend (n) + ly = friendly (adj): thân thiện love (n) + ly = lovely (a): đáng yêu 2 N + ful Adj care (n) + ful = careful (a): cẩn thận success (n) + ful = successful (a): thành công 3 N + less Adj home (n) + less = homeless (a): vô gia cư hope (n) + less = hopeless (a): vô vọng 2
3. 4 N + ic Adj economy (n) + ic = economic (a): thuộc về kinh tế history (n) + ic = historic (a): có tính chất lịch sử 5 N + able Adj reason (n) + able = reasonable (a): có lí, hợp lí comfort (n) + able = comfortable (a): thoải mái 6 N + ous Adj danger (n) + ous = dangerous (a): nguy hiểm industry (n) + ous = industrious (a): chăm chỉ 7 N + some Adj trouble (n) + some = troublesome (a): gây rắc rối, khó chịu hand (n) + some = handsome (a): đẹp trai 8 N + al Adj nation (n) + al = national (a): thuộc quốc gia nature (n) + al = natural (a): thuộc về tự nhiên 9 N + ing/ed Adj interest (n) + ing/ed = interesting /interested (a): thú vị/thích thú bore (n) + ing/ed = boring/ bored (a): tẻ nhạt/buồn chán 10 N + ern Adj west (n) + ern = western (a): về phía tây, ở phía tây south (n) + ern = southern (a): về phía nam, ở phía nam 11 N + y Adj rain (n) + y = rainy (a): có mưa sun (n) + y = sunny (a): có nhiều ánh nắng 12 N + ible = Adj response (n) + ible = responsible (a): có trách nhiệm 13 V + ent Adj depend (v) + ent = dependent (a): phụ thuộc 14 V + ive Adj impress (v) + ive = impressive (a): ấn tượng N + ive Adj invent (v) + ive = inventive (a): có tài phát minh, có óc sáng tạo expense (n) + ive = expensive (a):.đắt 15 N + like Adj child (n) + like = childlike (a): như trẻ con, ngây thơ, thật thà god (n) + like = godlike (n): như thần, như thánh 16 N + ish Adj fool (n) + ish = foolish (a): dại dột, ngu xuẩn self (n) + ish = selfish (a): ích kỉ D. Cách cấu tạo của trạng từ STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 Adj + ly Adv slow (a) + ly = slowly (adv): một cách chậm chạp rapid (a) + ly = rapidly (adv): một cách nhanh chóng * Lưu ý: STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 N + ly Adj like + ly = likely (a) quick + ly = quickly Adj+ ly Adv (adv) 3
4. 2 V + al N arrive + al = arrival (n) nation + al = N + al Adj national (a) 3 V + ing N teach + ing = teaching (n) bore + ing = N + ing Adj boring (a) 4 Adj + y N honest + y = honesty (n) wind + y = windy N + y Adj (a) - Fast vừa là tính từ vừa là trạng từ. Do đó, không có dạng "fastly". - Hard (chăm chỉ, vất vả, cực nhọc) vừa là tính từ, vừa là trạng từ. + Hardly mang nghĩa là hiếm khi, hầu như không chứ không mang nghĩa là chăm chỉ, vất vả. - Trạng từ của tính từ "good" là từ "well". Do đó, không có dạng "goodly". E. TRẬT TỰ TỪ STT Quy tắc Ví dụ 1 Sau to be (am/is/are/was/were) là tính từ. The book is so interesting that I can't put it down. 2 Sau động từ thường là trạng từ. He runs more quickly than me. 3 Sau V (tri giác) + adj (V (tri giác): hear, The food tastes delicious. see, smell, taste, feel ) 4 Sau linking verbs (look, seem, get, She looks happier than yesterday. become, find, make )+ adj. 5 Sau mạo từ (a/an/the) + N. The development of industry causes air pollution. 6 Sau tính từ sở hữu (my/your/our/ He failed the exam because of his laziness. his/her/their/its) là danh từ. 7 Sau sở hữu cách là danh từ. Mai's house is very nice. 8 Sau đại từ chỉ định (this/that/these/ those) This machine has been out of order. + N. 9 Sau some/any/many/much + N. There are many people waiting for the last bus. 10 Sau giới từ + N. My parents are celebrating 30 years, of marriage next week. 11 Trước danh từ là tính từ. Copperheads are poisonous snakes. 12 Trước tính từ là trạng từ. The matter is comparatively complicated and sensitive. 13 Đứng đầu câu, ngăn cách với phần trong Traditionally the positions of the women were in 4
5. câu bằng dấu phẩy (,) là trạng từ. the kitchen. 14 Sau danh từ là danh từ. This firm is known for its high quality products. 15 Sau bring/take/have/buy/sell + N. Money doesn't bring happiness to man. 16 Giữa trợ động từ và động từ chính là trạng He will certainly die if you don't call a doctor. từ. 17 Khi có "and/or/but" thì hai vế cân nhau The International Red Cross helps people in (cùng chức năng từ loại/ngữ pháp/ ngữ need without any discrimination based on nghĩa). nationality, race, religion, class or political opinions. II. BÀI TẬP: BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG THEO ĐỀ THI MINH HỌA 100 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ABOUT WORD FORMATION Question 18-1: To many children, playing computer games is a form of ___. A. relax B. relaxingly C. relaxation D. relaxed Question 18-2: This restaurant is ___ with those who like Vietnamese food. A. popular B. popularly C. popularise D. popularity Question 18-3: At companies like Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, and Netflix, they aim at developing long-term plans and digital___. A. interacts B. interactive C. interactions D. interactional Question 18-4: Lessons from the ___ developed countries are worth learning to save our time. A. economically B. economic C. economize D. economical Question 18-5: The COVID-19 pandemic remains highly ___ in the world due to the emergence of Omicron. A. unpredictable B. predict C. prediction D. predictably Question 18-6: Thanks to the laser beams, at last, he could get rid of the ___ birthmark on his face. A. normal B. abnormal C. abnormality D. abnormally Question 18-7: Mark is very set in his ways, but John has a more ___ attitude to life. A. flexible B. flexibly C. flexibility D. flexify Question 18-8: The drug under examination has shown some___ results when given to volunteers in some countries. A. impressed B. impresses C. impressive D. impression Question 18-9: Every morning, my mother usually drinks several cups of tea, has a ___ breakfast and then leads the buffalo to the field. A. quick B. quickly C. quickness D. quicker 5
6. Question 18-10: Mr Lam is a cycle driver in Ho Chi Minh City, who usually has a ___ working day. A. business B. busy C. busily D. busying Question 18-11:The woman ___ about her son’s travelling because there is so much traffic on the narrow and crowded way to school. A. worrisome B. worrying C. worriment D. worries Question 18-12: Her ___ has declined since her return from exile two years ago. A. popularity B. popularly C. popularize D. popular Question 18-13: Don't worry! He'll do the job as ___ as possible. A. economical B. economically C. uneconomically D.economizing Question 18-14:You get to apply your newly acquired knowledge in ___ A. practically B. practical C.practicing D. practice Question 18-15: Darwin's theory of ___ explains that the strongest species can survive because they have the ability to adapt to the new environment better than others. A. evolution B. evolute C. evolutional D. evolutionally Question 18-16. Delegates will meet with ___from industry and the government. A. represented B. representational C. representatives D. represent Question 18-17: The ships had their days of . in the 1840s and 1850s. A. glorious B. glory C. glorify D. gloriously Question 18-18: For a public campaign to___, it is important to make use of existing social organizations as well as other relations. A. successful B. success C. succeed D. successfully Question 18-19: For sedentary workers, a ___ lifestyle helps them limit obesity and prevent diseases (cancer, disc herniation, etc.) A. health B. healthily C. healthiness D. healthy Question 18-20: One of the popular ___ used in smartphones at present is voice recognition. A. applicant B. applicable C. applications D. apply Question 18-21: This restaurant is ___ with those who like Vietnamese food. A. popular B. popularly C. popularise D. popularity Question 18-22: John’s ___ and efficiency at the company led to his promotion to Sales Manager. A. punctuality B. punctual C. punctuate D. punctually Question 18-23: His___of the generator is very famous. A. invent B. inventive C. invention D. inventor Question 18-24: The teacher likes her essay because it’s very ___ A. imagination B. imagine C.imaginative D. imaginarily Question 18-25: The fire was believed to have been caused by an fault. 6
7. A. electrical B. electrically C. electricity D. electrician Question 18-26: In spite of her abilities, Laura has been overlooked for promotion. A. repeat B. repeatedly C. repetitive D. repetition Question 18-27: Susan has achieved great in her career thanks to her hard work. A. successfully. B. successful. C. succeed. D. success Question 18-28:Despite the initial ___result,they decided to go on with the proposed scheme. A. courage B. discouragingly C. discouragement D. discouraging Question 18-29: The Botanical Garden was a very ___ place where we made a short tour round the garden and took some pictures of the whole class. A. beautify B. beautifully C. beautiful D. beautification Question 18-30: As a ___ and mature student, Marie Curie earned a Physics degree with flying colors. A. brilliant B. brilliantly C. brilliantness D. brilliance Question 18-31: As Omicron has been designated a Variant of Concern, there are several ___ for countries to undertake. A. actB. activelyC. activeD. actions Question 18-32: James was totally hooked on her ___ performance at the annually held festival. A. impressed B. impression C. Impress D. impressive Question 18-33: Opportunities for employee ___ have become the second most important factor in the workplace. A. developing B. developed C. develop D. development Question 18-34: Unluckily, Tom's illness turned out to be extremely___ so he was kept in isolation. A. infectiously B. infection C. infectious D. infect Question 18-35: The covid-19 pandemic brought widespread___ to the global supply chain. A. disruptive B. disrupt C. disrupting D. disruptions Question 18-36: Moc Chau was a very___ place where we took many pictures of the whole class. A. beautify B. beauty C. beautifully D. beautiful Question 18-37: Susan didn’t get the invitation to the seminar, so she’s quite ___. A. disappointment B. disappoint C. disappointed D. disappointing Question 18-38: Many teenagers show signs of anxiety and ___ when being asked about their future. A. depression B. depress C. depressed D. depressing Question 18-39: The preservation of ___ resources is essential in today's economic and technological development. A. natural B. naturalize C. nature D. naturally Question 18-40: Nobody wears clothes like that any more – they’re ___. A. fashion B. unfashionable C. fashionable D. fashionably 7
8. Question 18-41: An individual has not started living until he can rise above the narrow confines of his ___ concerns to the broader concerns of all humanity. A. individual B. individualistic C. individualism D. individualize Question 18-42: Urbanization has resulted in ___ problems besides the benefits. A. vary B. various C. variety D. variability Question 18-43: When reducing ___ foods in your diet, you need to replace them with alternatives that are good for you . A.healthy B.health C.healthily D.unhealthy Question 18-44: ___, There are black holes in space . A. Theorize B. Theoretical C. Theoretically D. Theorist Question 18-45: One of the ___related to weddings is that the bride should wear something blue. A. superstition B. superstitious C. superstitiously D. superstitions Question 18-46: Holidays where people carry out voluntary charity work are becoming ___ popular. A.increasing B.increased C.increasingly D.increase Question 18-47: Customer reviews indicate that many modern mobile devices are often unnecessarily___. A.complication B.complicates C.complicate D.complicated Question 18-48: We haven’t reached the final ___ on the funding for scientific research yet. A. decides B. decision C. deciding D. decisive Question 18-49: I think mobile phones are ___ for people of all ages. A. usage B. usefully C. useful D. use Question 18-50: Project-based learning provides wonderful opportunities for students to develop their ___. A. creative B. creativity C. create D. creatively Question18-51: ___, the Ao dai was frequently worn by both men and women. A. Tradition B. Traditional C. Traditionally D. Traditionalist Question 18-52:In November, Tam Dao, a___ retreat built by the French in Vinh Phuc, was voted the world's leading tourist town in the 2022 World Travel Awards. A. popularity B. popularly C. popular D. popularize Question 18-53: My younger brother likes to ___ with other girls in his class. A. socialise B. socially C. sociable D. social Question 18-54: In some ways, financial planning for singles is more ___ than for couples. A. import B. importance C. importantD. importantly Question 18-55:Some people refuse to buy goods that are overpackaged because they feel that it is ___ to the environment. 8
9. A. harmfulness B. harmless C. harmfully D. harmful Question 18-56: Vietnam’s current best midfielder Nguyen Quang Hai has reach a preliminary___with an Austrian club. A. agreed B. agreeing C. agreement D. agreeable Question 18-57: Hanoi has nearly completed all___for the upcoming 31st Southeast Asian Games ( SEA Games 31). A. prepare B. preparingly C. preparationsD. preparatory Question 18-58:___warn the local people about the air pollution. A.Environmentally B. Environmentalists C. Environment D. Environmental Question 18-59: In order to keep fit and stay healthy, you’d better do ___ daily A. exercisable B. exercised C. exercising D. exercise Question 18-60:After having thought for many hours, he came up with a ___ conclusion A.satisfactory B. satisfaction C. satisfy D. satisfactorily Question 18-61: The Internet is one of the most important___ A. invent B. invention C. inventing D. inventions Question 18-62: Everyone has their___which are hardly recognized by themselves. A. limit B. limited C. limitative D. limitations. Question 18-63: Jet lag causes problems with our ___ clock. A. biological B. biology C. biologist D. biologically Question 18-64: Their ___ is always good. A. communicate B. communicative C. communication D. communicatively Question 18-65:. Today's weather will be a ___ of yesterday. A. continue B. continually C. continuation D. continual Question 18-66: Nowadays, chemicals are___into some fruits to reduce decay. A. injection B. injector C. inject D. injected Question 18-67: What’s your___? – I’m Vietnamese. A. nationalise B. national C. nationality D. international Question 18- 68: A book may be evaluated by a reader or professional writer to create a book ___. A. review B. reviewing C. reviewer D. reviewed Question 18-69: Read the book ___and you can find the information you need. A. care B. careful C. carefulness D. carefully Question 18- 70: Not many people find reading more ___than watching TV. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestingly Question 18-71:The sick man still finds it ___to stand without support. A. discomfort B. comforting C. uncomfortable D. comfortable Question 18-72: English is an___language to learn. A. easiness B. easily C. easy D. ease. 9
10. Question 18-73: You should write a letter of ___to that institute. A. inquire B. inquiring C. inquisition D. inquiringly Question 18-74:. Don’t eat those vegetables. They’re___. A. poison B. poisonousness C. poisonously D. poisonous Question 18-75: We’ll live a happier and___life if we keep our environment clean. A. health B. healthily C. unhealthy D. healthier Question 18-76: My brother can repair electric ___very well. A. apply B. applicable C. applicably D. appliances Question 18-77: These ___will conserve the Earth’s resources. A. innovate B. innovation C. innovations D. innovative Question 18-78: ___is now a serious problem in many countries. A. Deforested B. Deforesters C. Deforestation D. Deforesting Question 18-79: The earthquake caused terrible ___. A. destroying B. destroyed C. destruction D. destroys Question 18-80: The cost of the___must be paid by the buyer. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. carriage Question 18-81: His son’s ___has not improved much. A. behave B. behaviour C. behavoural D. behavourism. Question 18-82: Hoang found it difficult to be in charge of the household ___. A. financial B. financially C. finances D. financier Question 18-83:You shouldn’t___others if you also have a lot of mistakes. A. critic B. critical C. criticize D. critically Question 18-84:They tried to win but their efforts are ___. A. success B. successful C. successfully D. unsuccessful Question 18-85: Her excuse for not doing her homework was ___, so the teacher didn’t punish her. A. credit B. incredibly C. credibility D. credible Question 18-86: Goods are ___as long as they are returned in good condition. A. change B. changes C. changeably D. changeable Question 18-87: The party ___twenty bottles from various parts of the house yesterday. A. collect B. collected C. collecting D. collection Question 18-88: People who speak more than one language become less ___ as they get older. A. confuses B. confused C. confusion D. confusedly Question 18-89: The more ___and positive you look, the better you will feel. A. confide B. confident C. confidently D. confidence Question 18-90: My parents will have celebrated 30 years of ___by next week. A. marry B. married C. marriageable D. marriage 10
11. Question 18-91: Many Vietnamese people ___their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation. A. sacrificer B. sacrificed C. sacrificial D. sacrificially Question 18-92:They had a___candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage. A. romance B. romantic C. romantically D. romanticize Question 18-93:They started as___gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years. A. informal B. informally C. informalize D. informality Question 18-94: The children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and___. A. communicate B. communication C. communicative D. communicatively Question 18-95:The United Nations Secretary-General has often spoken of the need for individual ___and human rights in his speeches. A. free B. freedom C. freely D. freeing Question 18-96: He did not do well at school and left with few ___qualifications. A. academic B. academy C. academician D. academically Question 18-97: The ___from Genoa enjoyed wearing jeans. A. work B. workers C. working D. workaholic Question 18-98: They had an ___day by the river. A. enjoy B. enjoying C. enjoyed D. enjoyable. Question 18-99: They offered her the job because she was very ___ on the design front. A. creativelyB. creativeC. createD. creation Question 18-100: This book is very ___. A. inform B. information C. informally D. informative 11